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Pick's disease is a relatively rare form of dementia that causes a slow shrinking of brain cells due to excess protein build-up. Patients with Pick’s initially exhibit marked personality and behavioral changes, and then a decline in the ability to speak coherently.

While up to seven million Americans may be afflicted with dementia, Pick's disease accounts for just five percent of all progressive dementias. Because of the manner in which symptoms first appear, it is frequently misdiagnosed in the early stages as depression, mental illness, or Alzheimer's disease—but Pick’s has its own set of characteristics that set it apart. And although there is no cure, learning about the unique symptoms can help you more quickly identify and manage the disease What is Pick's disease?

According to Arnold Pick, who first described the disease in 1892, Pick's disease causes an irreversible decline in a person's functioning over a period of years. Although it is commonly confused with the much more prevalent Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease is a rare disorder that causes the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, which control speech and personality, to slowly atrophy. It is therefore classified as a frontotemporal dementia, or FTD.

Causes of Pick's disease
Like Huntington's disease and Lewy Body disease, Pick's disease is the result of a build-up of protein in the affected areas of the brain. The accumulation of abnormal brain cells, known as Pick's bodies, eventually leads to changes in character, socially inappropriate behavior, and poor decision making, progressing to a severe impairment in intellect, memory and speech.

Pick's disease usually strikes adults between the ages of 40 and 60, and is slightly more common in women than in men. Unfortunately, the cause for Pick's disease is unknown. A few studies suggest that Pick's disease may have a genetic component, but most family members are unaffected. Other risk factors are unknown.

Signs and symptoms of Pick's disease
In contrast to Alzheimer’s disease, where memory loss is the predominate early sign, the first symptoms of Pick’s disease usually involve personality changes or a decline in basic functioning.

While the progression of symptoms in Pick's disease is fortunately slow, symptoms do worsen over time. The following symptoms are typical of patients with Pick's disease. More severe symptoms appear in later stages of the illness.

Behavioral signs and symptoms of Pick’s disease
Impulsivity and poor judgment
Extreme restlessness (early stages)
Overeating or drinking to excess (when this was not previously a problem)
Lack of attention to personal hygiene
Sexual exhibitionism or promiscuity
Withdrawal or decreased interest in activities of daily living
Decline in function at work and home
Repetitive or obsessive behavior

Emotional signs and symptoms of Pick’s disease
Abrupt mood changes
Lack of warmth, concern, or empathy
Apathy
Rudeness, impatience, or aggression
Easily distracted; poor attention span
Unaware of the changes in behavior

Language signs and symptoms of Pick’s disease
Loss of vocabulary
Trouble finding the right word
Difficulty speaking or understanding speech
Repeating words others say
Weak, uncoordinated speech sounds
Decrease in ability to read or write
Complete loss of speech

Physical signs and symptoms of Pick’s disease
Increased muscle rigidity or stiffness
Difficulty moving about
Lack of coordination
General weakness
Memory loss
Urinary incontinence


source: http://www.helpguide.org/elder/picks_disease.htm

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